Arkansas Esthetician Practice Exam

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What is the function of the subcutaneous layer?

To produce keratinocytes
To act as a barrier against pathogens
To insulate and act as a shock absorber
To form the true skin

The correct answer is: To insulate and act as a shock absorber

The subcutaneous layer, also known as subcutis or hypodermis, primarily functions to insulate the body and serve as a shock absorber. This layer is composed of loose connective tissue and fat cells, which help to regulate body temperature by providing insulation against cold and preventing heat loss. Additionally, the fatty tissue cushions the underlying muscles and bones from external impacts, thereby absorbing shocks and protecting internal structures from injury. The other functions mentioned in the choices, such as producing keratinocytes or acting as a barrier against pathogens, pertain more to the epidermis and dermis layers of the skin rather than the subcutaneous layer. Similarly, forming the true skin represents the qualities and roles of the dermis. Therefore, the role of the subcutaneous layer is vital in maintaining overall body protection and thermal regulation, making it essential in understanding skin anatomy and function.