Arkansas Esthetician Practice Exam

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What is the purpose of surfactants in cleanser-type products?

To reduce foam
To bind matter to water
To increase viscosity
To act as preservatives

The correct answer is: To bind matter to water

Surfactants play a vital role in cleanser-type products primarily due to their ability to bind matter to water. This property allows surfactants to effectively lift and remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin. By reducing the surface tension of water, surfactants enable it to spread more easily and penetrate oils and grime, making the cleaning process more efficient. They help in emulsifying oils, allowing them to be rinsed away with water, which is essential for achieving a clean and refreshed skin surface. The other options do not accurately reflect the primary function of surfactants in cleansers. While some products might incorporate agents that reduce foam, increase viscosity, or act as preservatives, these functions do not align with the basic role of surfactants in cleansing formulations. Thus, the emphasis on their ability to bind matter to water is what highlights their importance in skincare products.